:root{--paper:#f7f5ed;--surface:#fffef9;--ink:#193d33;--body:#303c36;--muted:#647269;--line:#d9dfd5;--accent:#315f49;--soft:#eaf0e6;--max:1140px;--sans:Arial,"Segoe UI",Tahoma,sans-serif;--serif:Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}body{margin:0;color:var(--body);background:var(--paper);font-family:var(--sans);font-size:17px;line-height:1.8}html[lang=ar] body{font-family:"Noto Naskh Arabic","Amiri","Segoe UI",Tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:19px;line-height:1.95}a{color:var(--ink);text-underline-offset:4px;text-decoration-thickness:1px}a:hover{color:var(--accent)}button,a{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}button:focus-visible,a:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #95723c;outline-offset:5px}.container{max-width:var(--max);margin:auto;padding-inline:34px}.skip{position:absolute;inset-inline-start:20px;top:-80px;padding:10px 16px;background:var(--ink);color:white;z-index:20}.skip:focus{top:12px}.site-header{border-bottom:1px solid 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html[dir=rtl] .name-variant{text-align:right}html[dir=ltr] .name-variant{text-align:left}
@media(max-width:800px){.container{padding-inline:23px}.hero{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:34px;padding-block:48px}.research-focus{border-inline-start:none;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-inline-start:0;padding-top:20px}.research-focus ul{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:7px 22px}.research-focus li{font-size:18px;margin:0}.research-focus h2{margin-bottom:12px}.section{padding-block:34px}.detail-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:36px}.record-details{grid-row:2}.record-details dl{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:15px 22px}.record-details dt{margin-top:0}.record-details dl div{min-width:0}.work-header{padding-block:10px 30px}.work-card{padding:25px}.education-grid{gap:25px}.site-footer{margin-top:10px}.header-inner{min-height:86px}.lang-nav a{padding:6px 8px}}
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.education-source{display:inline-block;font-size:13px;margin-top:9px}html[lang=ar] .education-source{font-size:15px}

.profile-link{margin:20px 0 0;font-family:var(--sans);font-size:13px;line-height:1.7}.profile-link a{display:inline-flex;align-items:baseline;gap:9px;flex-wrap:wrap}.profile-link bdi{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}html[lang=ar] .profile-link{font-size:14px}

.names-note{max-width:640px;margin:16px 0 0;color:var(--muted);font-size:14px;line-height:1.8}html[lang=ar] .names-note{font-size:16px}.footer-profile{min-width:0}.footer-contact{margin-top:4px!important;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.footer-contact a{display:inline-block}
@media(max-width:480px){html[lang=en] .header-inner{flex-wrap:wrap;padding-block:14px;row-gap:10px}html[lang=en] .header-inner .lang-nav{margin-inline-start:auto}}

.citation-box + .citation-box{margin-block-start:1rem}.citation-box h3{font-size:1rem;margin-block:0 .75rem}.citation-box p{overflow-wrap:anywhere}.citation-page-field{display:grid;gap:.5rem;max-width:25rem;margin-block:1rem}.citation-page-field input{font:inherit;padding:.7rem;border:1px solid var(--line,#d8ded9);border-radius:.25rem;background:var(--paper,#fff);color:inherit;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.citation-downloads{margin-block:1rem;flex-wrap:wrap}
